The Problem of Adolescence Pressures in Society

French Paradox Essay Example

French Paradox Essay Example French Paradox Essay French Paradox Essay In many circles, there exists a paradox which astounds many the French Paradox. The French, famous for their diets rich in, well, rich foods foods high In saturated fats and full of butter have confused and annoyed world observers because of their ability to eat such delicacies and drink fine wines and yet maintain near perfect physiques. In essence, the French are able to have their cake and eat it, too. During the late sasss, the French sought to experience a sort of similar paradox during the French Revolution. While the French Revolution began as somewhat similar to the American Revolution in that it was part of a movement seeking freedom from a ruler that refused to grant concessions regarding representation, the French Revolution soon evolved Into something greater; however, while the French masses sought to achieve greater liberties, they were not interested in being the clown of Europe. They wanted strong, stable leadership as long as it wasnt oppressive of their rights and freedoms. Herein was the French Paradox of 1789, an internal struggle between two forces that, by their very nature, typically stand at opposite ends of the revolutionary picture CM liberties and freedom versus strong, central, Internationally respected government. In Napoleon, the French thought they had the right mixture of the two. He was a man who talked like a son of the Revolution. HIS life story perhaps best exemplified the ideals of the Revolution a poor boy rising to the top based on qualities, not favoritism or social class. Yet while Napoleon could talk the talk, he would have far greater difficulty practicing what he preached. : An examination of Napoleons foreign affairs as well as his domestic suppression of individual liberties and Internal dissent to his authority reveals that this son of a poor nobleman was by no means a son of the Revolution but rather a Dictator. Although Napoleon accomplished several challenges in Europe, he also enforced his rule on the Europeans. Beginning, with the Spanish, Napoleon conquered them and forcefully reduced the number of convents and religious involvement in Spain (Doc 5). Not only did he enact certain despotic policies, he also created a dynasty all over Europe. He did this by strategically placing family members in power of enquired nations to suppress dissent and to maintain Napoleonic rule. In order for France and the rest of Europe to run properly, Napoleon believed there had to be hereditary power (Doc 6). In many aspects Napoleon was simply just a military despot (Doc 2). He, on some occasions, began war without any reason at all, specifically with the Russians. He was clearly Just power-hungry and looking to better himself, not France. He always portrayed himself as this magnificent ruler, but on the inside, he was no better than Louis XIV (Doc 9). Being self-conscious of his height, Napoleon always had to be seen as taller and as a powerful warrior (Doc 8). He was not looking out for France In the least bit but rather for himself. With the Berlin Decrees and the Continental System, Napoleon was only looking to hurt his rival, the British. Instead it backfired and hurt his satellites economy. Although Napoleon may have had a strong army, he got too involved with fighting and essentially began to fight all of Europe at once. To maintain the balance of power, multiple coalitions were formed against him, but he continued to pursue his policy of military aggressiveness. His own diminishing France back to its borders of 1792. A true son of the French Revolution would have concerned himself with ensuring the prosperity of the French, not be concerned with expanding an empire, thereby supporting the position the Napoleon is more accurately described and depicted as a dictator than as a son of the Revolution. Many of the civil and domestic liberties that the revolution had promised were swiftly taken away once Napoleon was in power. Although women had few rights before Napoleon, they had even fewer while he was in power. They occupied marital, mommies, and maternal spaces in society and could not act freely or independently (Doc 3). Napoleon also used propaganda throughout France to establish his dictatorship. He made the people think he was supporting the church and that only he could properly rule France. The French believed it was Gods will for Napoleon to rule even though Napoleon issued the Civil Constitution of 1804 which limited papal power and allowed him to pick bishops (Doc 7). He also used propaganda to make people believe other opinions were wrong and that those who opposed him should ii (Doc 10). Napoleon said that those who disagree should be prosecuted for their opinion (Doc 11). His greatest tool of all to ensure the throne was the creation of plebiscites. These were votes castes by French people which would give them the option for a new ruler or to continue to have Napoleon. Many people feared to vote against Napoleon due to the consequences of dissent. Whether through covert acts such as that or overt acts such as his inquisitions, Napoleon made it clear that those who stood opposed to his would meet an unfortunate demise, thereby proving to be ore of a dictator than son of the Revolution. Napoleon also made sure to suppress any form of internal dissent among his people. He began by simply suppressing the most actively opposed minorities and moved from there (Doc 1). He also suppressed women by destroying all liberal revolutionary groups formed (Doc 3). Many people were too scared to even think about a republic or any opinion different than Napoleons for that matter (Doc 4). He instilled fear among the people in order to ensure peace. He used propaganda once again to make some people believe that anyone against his ideas should be sent to eternal damnation (Doc 7). Napoleon even rid any and all signs of uprisings. He made sure that the seed for rebellion wasnt planted anywhere. Spain became a major example of this process (Doc 12). He also issued the use of a secret police to do his bidding without involvement of the law. He took out his major competition, the Jacobin, quickly and quietly to maintain uninterrupted power. Finally, he really showed the meaning of the phrase power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely'(Doc 13). His power led too corrupt France and a new beginning. As demonstrated through his constant and continuous effort to suppress enemies to his reign, Napoleon clearly showed himself not to be a son of the Revolution but rather a Dictator hell-bent on preserving his reign. Although his appearance led many to believe he was all for the revolution, Napoleon was a dictator. He took power for himself, rejected it for others, used propaganda, and dominated Europe. He became too engulfed in portraying himself as a brilliant, tough leader rather than focusing on Frances well-being and needs. Absolutely no truth or facts. A thorough examination of Napoleons reign most clearly show a man committed to Revolution not because he believed in its ideals but rather because he saw it as a means to acquire personal power. He reinforced his power through brute force, both internationally through foreign conquests, as well as domestically through suppression of peoples rights and liberties and suppression of dissent to his rule. Napoleon may have once been or at least appeared to be a son of the revolution but he was undoubtedly during his reign a dictator at heart.

Widening Participation In Higher Education Policy Essay

Widening Participation In Higher Education Policy - Essay Example The gap between both the social groups was around 30%, a figure on the higher side. Some reasons that have been cited for this trend include the inability to bear the overall expenses of studying for a higher university degree, the desire to earn money rather than study, and the feeling that good institutions and good jobs are closed doors for them. Furthermore, it did not help matters that the ones in control had their own views about students and higher education. It was Margaret Thatcher and her government who ushered in New Right Ideology to deal with matters concerning higher education. These were her very words, "We are going much further with education than we ever thought of doing before" (Margaret Thatcher 196). This government took control in 1987, and their agenda can be summed up to include four major changes that they brought into the system. The first one was to make all educational institutions directly responsible for their finances and budgeting. It resulted in fierce competition between schools and colleges, since those that exhibited wonderful results in external examinations would be favored with more finances. Scholarly pursuits got relegated to the background, and the focus was shifted to attracting as many students as possible to respective institutions. This had not been the old pattern of thinking. In e arlier days, the bureaucracy interfered as less as possible, believing that universities and institutions were meant for intellectual development more than anything else. Advertisements for academic posts contained phrases such as-"used to introducing commercial thinking", "excellent strategic and financial skills", "naturally authoritative and decisive leader", "commercial acumen", "strong strategic awareness", "creative visionary", "energy, resilience with the ambition to drive the organization forward"-and so on. These were discovered by Professor Rosemary Deem, Lancaster University's Department of Education Research. Managerialism had thus entered the field of education. The techniques, values and practices from the commercial sector made an entry into the higher educational arena. Though these managers did strive Last Name 1 towards excellence, they also tended to subject everything to minute scrutiny, resulting in a lot of dissatisfaction all round. Next on the agenda was governmental control over institutions offering higher education. This could be termed as the Rationalist approach. Funds would not be allocated to whoever asked for them; the government would take up "rationing of funding". Furthermore, a national curriculum would be prepared and this had to be followed diligently. Based on how well the teachers delivered that curriculum to the students, the institution would receive its share of finances for its functioning. There were also detailed directives given as to how the curriculum was to be delivered. And no one was allowed to take liberties with it, considering that government-appointed inspectors would be making their rounds. Their final reports carried a lot of value, for higher education could not be

Marketing report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marketing report - Research Paper Example The company sells its products to more than two hundred countries. According to Abdul et.al (2012, p. 7-9), Pepsi holds an approximately thirty six percent of the total U.S snack food market and approximately twenty five percent of the U.S beverage industry. Today, Pepsi Company is a great contributor to the American economy and has employed over 200,000 people in America and more than 300,000 people worldwide. Over the years, Pepsi Company has not only worn global awards for having the best brands worldwide and being among the best global corporations but also awards for green production and sustainable development (Kendra et. al, 2010, p. 1-2). Pepsi Company is not only known all over the world for its products and strong brands but also for being a low cost leader (Kendra et. al, 2010, p. 1-2). Pepsi Company has also made history with its strong advertising strategies. In the 1960s, the most known Pepsi slogan was ‘nickel nickel’. This Slogan largely helped the company penetrate further into new emerging markets of the world during the time. Such slogans and others such as ‘Be Sociable have a Pepsi’ and ‘Refreshing without filling’ that followed thereafter have helped the company establish the today’s brand image that is long-lasting (Kendra et. al, 2010, p.2). Pepsi’s frequent change of the advertising slogans over the centuries has helped the company adequately capitalize on the changing environments and stay relevant to its customer (Kahn et.al, 1998, p. 384-390). Nevertheless, Pepsi Company fails to have a bigger market presence as compared to other major rivals suc h as the Coca Cola Company (Biswas and Sen, 1999, p. 1701-1708). The company also faces a threat of competition from new emerging firms in the food industry. Despite these weaknesses and threats, Pepsi Company the potential of growing further in the emerging economies of the world. The birth of the

Antiaging technologies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Antiaging technologies - Essay Example The administrator believes that almost every normal person wishes to live long and remain youthful to a given level. In respect of this, the administrator believes that increasing people’s life expectancies is one of the major duties of a health facility. In his view, those who are opposed to anti-aging technologies are â€Å"new puritans† in that they are ready to oppose medical advancements on every single ground. The administrator claims that humans have doubled their lifespan from time immemorial. In respect of the same, using anti-aging technologies should be embraced worldwide without having to find new sources of stem cells. The hospital administrator interviewed is for the idea of using anti-aging technologies. According to him, human life ought to be prolonged to the greatest extent possible in spite of the associated dilemmas. He believes that humans have always sought to increase their life expectancy from time immemorial and therefore anti-aging technologies should be equally

Miriam Defensor Santiago for President

Miriam Defensor Santiago for President Jamaica May Arizapa Kimberly Baltazar Senate’s Woman of Steel for President All people are deemed to be potential leaders. But only a few achieve the crucial requirements demanded to effectively lead. The capability to head is either connatural or developed. Everybody discerns that leading a country is considerably one of the toughest accountability. A common inquiry of the majority includes the information of what he or she will accomplish, the advantages to them and the probable outcomes of the leader’s limited term. The head of the country has the power to rule, thus it is his or her responsibility to use it relevantly in a righteous way with valid purposes. In addition to that, a considered instance of his or her job is to guarantee the safety and stable lifestyle of his or her fellow countrymen. No person is perceived to be foolproof; consequently, exquisite abstract characterizations should not be the whole basis in selecting a leader. However, he or she is presumed to minimize carelessness and irrational errors. Sublimely, the president’ s duty is to bring in significant development in every aspect for the country. A good leader is impelled by inspiring vision success for the country. He or she is motivated to execute excellent tasks that will help to cope with his or her country’s limitations. An effective leader doesn’t just browbeat, but also hears the voices of his or her fellow countrymen. He or she develops good communication between him or her and them. Being optimistic is not merely a favorable factor; moreover, it must be combined with being realistic so it would bring forth substantial and remarkable development in the country. An effective leader is both a critical and creative thinker that comes up with significant resolutions to many problems. A true leader works hard because of his or her genuine passion for work. Most importantly, the leader believes in his or her country and constitution. On the upcoming elections on 2016, the Filipino voters must make a deliberate decision. Basically, the voters’ dominant choice will determine the fate of the country. As thoroughly researched and observed, the one who deserves the position the most to be granted by the Filipino citizens’ voting power on the next election is Miriam Defensor–Santiago because she visibly demonstrates commitment to public service in a way that she cares for youth and woman, fights corruption, is the Senates top performer in terms of bills and resolutions filed, courageously justifies her judgements through trials, and well-experienced in the field of politics. Despite of being known as the Iron Lady of Asia according to the Asia Magazine, Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago has her soft heart and sympathy to the children and women. Aside from being a senator she is also a woman and a mother, and she understands the needs of children and women. As a mother, she already experienced of losing a child and she considers that children need protection. In line with this, she filed a Senate Bill No. 2446 or the Children’s Emergency Relief and Protection Act to prioritize and give attention to the security of children affected by natural disasters. Santiago said, â€Å"Children are the most vulnerable in times of disaster. They are at higher risk of disease, abuse, and exploitation. . . .† (Miriam Defensor-Santiago, n.d) Another bill concerning children is the Senate Bill No. 2455 Special Protection of Children against Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act which she filed on November 2014. It aims to protect children against any abu ses and discrimination that they are exposed to. She also protects the rights of women by a co-authoring R.A. No. 9710 or the Magna Carta for Women. It conveys a framework of rights for women based directly on international law. The different features of the law comprises act that focuses on the human rights and defying gender discrimination against women. It seeks to eliminate discrimination through the recognition, protection, fulfillment and promotion of the rights of Filipino women, especially those belonging in the marginalized sectors of the society. (Philippine Commission on Women, n.d) She also supports political participation of young people in the country. Oxfam defined activism as the Youth participation helps to promote the civic and political life of young people. According to Santiago in her inaugural speech for the public forum at the Leong Hall, Ateneo de Manila University, youth participation helps to promote the civic and political life of young people. In country like Philippines whose corruption is all over, there is still a politician who is honestly serving the country and continuing in fighting corruption. She is Miriam Defensor Santiago who has the urged to dispute corruption. One of the biggest sources of corruption is the manipulation of the proposed budget, and as a devotee of fighting corruption she monitored the proper distribution of country’s budget. The House of Representatives approved on second reading the proposed P2.606 trillion national budget for 2015. According to Santiago this proposed budget is unconstitutional and questionable. In a privilege speech she uttered that the 2015 budget which contains two dangerous minefields leading to corruption, is not what people expect it is what administration candidates expect. She also called it as an ‘election budget’. (Miriam Defensor-Santiago, n.d) When she noticed something wrong on the distribution the national budget she immediately acts to liquid ate the starting point of corruption. One evidence of this is when she immediately calls for a resolution calling for an investigation regarding the reports that the Philippine Postal Corp. (Philpost) has accumulatedP5 billion in unsettled cash advances from the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD). Another good thing about Miriam Santiago is that she is not afraid of questioning officers even it is higher than her. In connection with the corruption scandal of Vice President Jejomar Binay, Miriam- Defensor Santiago said that banks should be required to exposed dummies. Santiago has filed Senate Bill No. 2438, mandating banks to practice monitoring of accounts beneficially owned by politically exposed persons. Santiago’s bill provides that at account opening, banks should require customers to complete a written and signed declaration identifying themselves, the legal entity for which the person is opening the account, and any beneficial owners associated with th e legal entity. Banks should also be required to undertake measures to prevent money laundering of ill-gotten wealth by corrupt government officials and their dummies. Surrounded by politician who is being blind by money, Miriam Defensor Santiago still holds her integrity of not accepting bribe from anyone. This was proven when she returned the P250,000 cash gift given to her by Juan Ponce Enrile, who was then the Senate president. Santiago also revealed that on top of the P250,000 cash gift from Enrile, almost all of the senators were also given P1.6 million from the savings of the Senate (Sy, 2013). Miriam Defensor Santiago surprised the crowd and reporters when she announced that she is suffering from Stage 4 lung cancer. Despite of being ill, Miriam- Defensor Santiago managed to be the top-ranking senator in terms of the number of bills and resolutions filed since the start of the 16th Congress. She did not let her sickness stops her from serving the country. Based on the Senate legislative bills and index service, Santiago filed the most number of bills at 437, 436 of which she was the principal author. She also filed 181 resolutions, 179 of which were introduced by her. In November 18, 2014, she filed the Senate Bill No. 2457 Newborn Infant Safe Haven Act. It is an act providing safe haven for abandoned newborn infants. Another one is she filed a bill about Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Disclosure Act. It is all about protection the public health by requiring tobacco manufacturers to disclose information on ingredients and constituents in tobacco products. Miriam Defensor-Santiago strongly justifies her judgements based on facts and experience through trials. She heard major cases in criminal and civil law and handled special proceedings. In any given week, she might hear criminal cases ranging from bad checks through drug dealing, robbery, rape, and murder, and civil suits involving adoption, probate, or large claims between competing businessmen. The Philippine judicial system follows the European system in eschewing jury trials: the judge determines guilt or innocence and metes out sentences. Those who tried to bribe her, she threatened with citations for contempt of court. To make the point, she sent some immediately to jail, ordering them released, relieved but shaken, shortly thereafter. She admonished her staff against accepting or forwarding to her any gifts from interested parties. In a procedure manual she wrote, now used widely by other judges, she stated: The first rule of this courtroom is no bribes, no extortion. To a jud ge who sent her unsolicited advice about one of her cases, she replied through his messenger that, if he wants to decide my case, then I should take steps to have the case transferred to him. Rebuffing influences from all sides, Defensor-Santiago eventually got her message across. After six months people stopped trying to influence her decisions (Santiago, Miriam Defensor, 2012). Miriam Defensor-Santiago is well-experienced in the field of politics. Besides from being a senator of the Philippines from 1995-2016, she also became the Chair of Presidential Agrarian Reform Council Executive Committee, and Commissioner of Immigration and Deportation, Presiding Judge at the Regional Trial Court (Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago, n.d.). Santiago (2012) described the problem with Philippine elections at the Far Eastern University Central Student Organization lecture series: Let me summarize the problem with Philippine elections: Of the 50 million voters who will troop to the polls in May next year, the greater majority are not intelligent, they are not educated for voting, and the candidates they choose are not educated for serving. This problem is the result of the fact that our Constitution provides that no literacy requirement shall be imposed on voters. Furthermore, although the Constitution provides that a senator should be literate in that he should be able to read and write, the same Constitution does not require any educational attainment on the part of any candidate. Filipino voters have the biggest contribution in determining who will be the next president and in order to have an effective president, the citizens should vote wisely. They should not be deceived by the popularity of the candidates. Voters should regard the capabilities, strengths and weaknesses of the campaigners. Assessing that Miriam Defensor-Santiago has the care for youth and woman, fights corruption, is the Senates top performer in terms of bills and resolutions filed, strongly justifies her judgements through trials, and well-experienced in the field of politics, she can be a potential president of the country. References Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago. n.d . Retrieved November 20, 2014 from Senate of the Philippines: http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/santiago_cvitae.asp Senator Miriam Defensor – Santiago. (n.d.). Retrieved November 3, 2016, from the Senate of the Philippines: http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/sen_bio/santiago_bio.asp Sy, M. 2013. Retreived November 22, 2014 from The Philippine Star: http://www.philstar.com/headlines/2013/12/22/1270935/miriam-has-most-number-bills-resolutions Santiago, Miriam Defensor. 2012. Retrieved November 23, 2016 from Ramon Magsaysay Awardee Foundation: http://www.rmaf.org.psh/newrmaf/main/awardees/awardee/biography/177

Hypnosis and Weight Loss Essay -- Hypnotize Internet Health Papers

Hypnosis and Weight Loss Hypnosis has many practical uses, and these days it is becoming increasingly popular as a method of behavior modification. The Internet contains many advertisements for self-help programs that use hypnosis to reduce stress, quit smoking, or lose weight. In the area of hypnosis and weight loss, there are many web sites for both products and services for sale that promise to help anyone lose weight. Hypnosis uses suggestions to change a person's behavior and eating habits in order to facilitate weight loss. What are the expected outcomes? There are many different outcomes expected from this type of hypnotic treatment. Most vendors of hypnosis specify that it's purpose is not only lose weight but to also maintain that ideal weight. Some companies also promise that hypnosis will stop cravings for unhealthy foods, such as foods high in salt or fat and also fried foods. http://www.clauser.com/announce3.html Through hypnotic suggestion, the person will learn how to eat healthy and may also become physically fit. Basically, the person becomes subconsciously motivated to eat better food and to become physically active. http://www.biocentrix.com/hypnosis/wghtplan.htm How Does Hypnosis work? There are many different forms of hypnosis used to control weight. A very popular method is the use of hypnotizing tapes. DreamLab, a web site selling these tapes, describes the procedure, and advises customers to start the tape when they go to bed. They claim that the tape contains both music and instructions that "lull you into the right mood." http://www.dream-lab.com/noweight.html While a person is in this mood, they are open to changes in their attitudes about eating habits and exercise through the suggestion of dream i... ...thard-Morris. "Effectiveness of Hypnosis as an Adjunct to Behavioral Weight Management." Journal of Clinical Psychology 41.1 (1985): 35-41. Buckingham, Carol W. "Hypnotherapy and the Behavioral Aspects of Obesity." Occupational Health Nursing April 1980: 20-22. Cochrane, G. "Hypnosis and Weight Reduction: Which is the Cart and Which is the Horse?" American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis 35.2 (1992): 109-118. Eldredge, K.L., et al. "The Effects of Extending Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Binge Eating Disorder Among Initial Treatment Nonresponders." International Journal of Eating Disorders 21.4 (1997): 347-352. Vanderlinden, J. and W. Vandereycken. "The (Limited) Possibilities of Hypnotherapy in the Treatment of Obesity." American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis 36.4 (1994): 248-257.

People Should Not Persuade Others to Join Their Religion Essay

I agree with the statement ‘People should not persuade others to join their religion’ because it’s the persons choice. Everyone has the right to choose what religion they want, or don’t want, based on their own reasons and feelings and no one should try and influence them into choosing one religion that they may not actually believe in but have been persuaded by others that it is the best religion to choose. Traditional Christian Missionaries would most likely disagree with what the statement says. They believe that they should go around spreading the gospel to persuade people to join Christianity because it is a job that God wants them to do. They take passages from the bible like John 14; No one can get to God except through Jesus, and John 3:14; Whoever believes in Jesus will not die but have eternal life, literally and use them to convince others that they have to join the Christian faith because it is the only way they can truly be connected with God. I do not agree with this point of view because if they are following their faith to the letter, then most religions teach that God will always be there for you even if you don’t have a faith so you don’t have to believe in Jesus to connect with God. However the fact that they have based what they believe in on the bible shows at least that they are trying to do what they believe is right and what God has told them and what they are supposed to do. Alternatively, modern missionaries might also agree with the statement because, instead of trying to persuade people to join Christianity, they do good work and evangelise because they believe it’s what God wants them to do. They believe God does not need them to convince others to join Christianity but just to spread his word to everybody because they are all one in Jesus Christ no matter what their faith is and as long as they keep spreading the gospel rather than using it to encourage people to join their faith they are doing what God wants and if people do convert to Christianity because of it then it has been their choice to do so. I think this is a much better view of what a missionary should do because it means they can still spread the word of God to people who might need to know about it so it can help them and they can still do the good work that God wants them to but they are not trying to be bias to any religion and they do not take away anybodies right to choose the way that they feel or believe. Atheists do not believe in any religion or God which is why some people may believe that they need to be persuaded to a become religious because they  think everyone needs to believe in God or a God and everyone needs to have a faith. However I don’t think that atheists would want to have anybody trying to persuade them to join their faith because they do not think any God exists. They may also argue to people who say that everyone has to have a faith that their faith is that they believe that the Wholly Other is not real. They would probably agree with the statement if people have chosen what they want to believe in then people should accept what they have chosen. Overall I agree with what the statement says because it is everyone’s human right to have a choice about everything they believe and other people trying to change that shouldn’t happen.

Weaver method Essays

Weaver method Essays Weaver method Paper Weaver method Paper Before investigating the various ways of creating a SSBSC signal it would be prudent to understand the basic principal of such systems and their advantages. SSBSC technology has developed so as to over come some of the inefficiencies of DSBSC (Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier) technology. In both systems the signal information is carried in the side bands of the carrier frequency. However DSBSC transmits both sidebands and the suppressed carrier even though signal information from one sideband would be sufficient. This is obviously both bandwidth and power wasteful. SSBSC attempts to solve this problem by removing both the suppressed carrier and one of the sidebands. This theoretically halves bandwidth requirements and saves up to 83% in power. The receiving of the SSBSC requires the missing carrier be replaced. The SSBSC signal is mixed with a local oscillator frequency and the signal is detected. So although some of these advantages are offset by the extra complications at the receiver when reassembling the signal it is by far more power and bandwidth efficient than DSBSC. This enables more signals to be multiplexed. There are three ways to generate a SSBSC signal (although the third is considered a hybrid of the second by some). This report attempts to give a brief overview of each method available, listing advantages and disadvantages for each. From these observations a recommendation will be drawn as to which system would be most beneficial to your company. Filter Method As already implemented by your company the filter method simply takes a DSBSC signal and filters the unwanted sideband out. The information signal is first amplified and fed to a balanced modulator. A balanced modulator is essentially two product modulators added together. One with a negative information signal and carrier, one with a positive. The result of adding these together cancels out the carrier. The modulator also receives an intermediate frequency which is both frequency and phase locked. An intermediate frequency is used to assist the filters cut off characteristics (explained later in this paragraph). These signals combine to produce the DSBSC. This modulated signal is then fed into the filter. These filters are required to have very sharp cut off characteristics. This means how fast they can transition from frequencies to be passed and frequencies not to be passed (passband and stopband). Filters can range in performance with the most efficient being costly. The filter removes the unwanted sideband and then the signal, still modulated at an intermediate frequency, is up-converted through a transmit mixer to the required transmission frequency. Finally the modulated signal is amplified through a linear power amplifier ready to be coupled to an antenna or coaxial for multiplexing (diagram 1). The filter method has the advantage of being the most practical and easiest method of creating a SSBSC signal. However building filters with a steep enough cut-off point at high frequencies is hard. Because of this filters have a tendency to include unwanted sideband frequencies and distort the wanted sideband. Filters that approach these high cut-off characteristics are also expensive. Standard frequency filters (for example 455 kHz, 10. 7 MHz) are a lot cheaper. Phasing Method The phasing method removes the necessity of a filter. The carrier and sideband are removed mathematically. The technique uses two DSBSC signals where the upper sideband or the lower sideband is out of phase by 90? over the whole frequency range on one of the signals. As well as this one of the carrier signals is out of phase by 90? as well. This can be achieved through a Hilbert transformer. A signal out of phase by 90? is said to in-quadrature to its original signal and is therefore referred to as the quadrature signal (cosine). The other original signal is referred to as the in-phase signal (sin). There are now two signals :- * Signal 1 Carrier in-phase, information signal LSB or USB in-quadrature * Signal 2 Carrier in-quadrature, information LSB and USB signal in-phase A quality of in-quadrature and in-phase signals is that they cancel each other out when added and herein lies the principal of this method. Both signals are fed into their own balanced modulators their outputs are super-imposed on each other with the result being a cancellation of the carrier and the LSB. If the phase shift is reversed to -90? then the USB will be removed and the LSB will remain (Diagram 2). If spacing between in-phase and quadrature signals is not all to 90? or amplitude of in-phase and quadrature carrier is not equal then the unwanted sideband will not be completely cancelled.

Organizational Culture

Organizational Culture Abstract This paper examines the way organizational culture impacts on decision making by two authors, Sekaran (2004) and schein (2005) by taking us through the effects of strong and weak cultures on leadership and bringing to view the culture and sub-cultures that have to be factored by management in making the best decisions in line with organizational goals.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Organizational Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It examines what happens when organizations merge, employee education on the impending merger, the role of management in the merger process for achieving the best results, how a change in organizational strategy may impact on an organization’s objectives, goals and mission, the role of decision making in organizations in line with conflict resolutions and risk aversion, and the common bias to be avoided in decision making for effective and efficient utilizat ion of resources in line with an organization’s objectives, mission, and goals. Introduction A key element that holds sway in decision making in an organization is its culture. An organization’s culture should be clearly understood by its leadership to help them make the best strategic decisions in line with its objectives, mission, and goals. Formal and informal culture should be incorporated in decision making by the leadership which should embrace a strong culture for the best and desirable results. Decisions made should not conflict with an organization’s culture, whether formal or informal. This calls for employee education when an organization changes its strategies to ensure full employee cooperation at all levels of an organization’s existence, thus ensuring a smooth transition from one strategy to another. When mergers occur, active employee participation, employee education, and leadership should ensure a seamless merger of different cultures in to a single organizational culture. To avert risk and other undesirable happenings within an organization, leadership should embrace the best decision making strategies and put in place measures to help counter any bias in the process. Impact of organizational Culture on Decision Making Strategic leadership calls for the creation and maintenance of organizational characteristics that bring about collective effort. Thus organizational culture is vital in driving an organization into achieving its goals. Organizational culture has a far important influence on organizations, the way decisions are made, the outcome of those decisions and the effect of those decisions on the strategic position of those organizations. These are the values and norms which influence interaction between employees, define organizational goals and help an organization operate efficiently in the pursuit of its goals in line with established standards of behavior. Thus a strong culture helps influence employees in collectively pursuing organizational goals.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An organization’s culture shapes the outcome of the complex and challenging decisions, the decision making process and the impact of those decisions in achieving the desired goals. These values and norms influence the way employees interact in an organization, their standards of behavior and an organization’s interaction with its environment (Sekaran 2004). This results in good internal integration and external adaptation. Decision making in an organization is a complex and challenging issue which entails a strong organizational culture for its mission, vision, goals, and objectives. Organizational culture is a strong element in decision making and leadership in positions should critically analyze an organization’s culture to enable them make the best strate gic decisions. A weak organizational culture calls for extensive reliance on procedures, and organizational bureaucracy in implementing its objectives and reaching its goals, leading to reduced innovations, and reduced employee motivation. Organizational culture and sub-cultures greatly influence the outcome of decisions made by the leadership. An organization’s culture envisages several other subcultures which also play a vital role in influencing the outcome of decisions and the way decisions are made. Schein bring to view a detailed analysis on how subcultures are formed from different subgroups and specific subgroups. These subgroups have different identifiable characteristics in an organization, by classifying themselves on the basis of social primary workgroups, occupational skills, and age. This is typically evident in the Department of Defense which comprises â€Å"distinct cultures of the different military services and the corps of civil servants assigned to each s ervice agency. A closer examination of each service culture reveals still greater cultural differentiation among occupational specialties, specific units within the service, and between line and staff personnel. Yet all of these subcultures adhere to the core ideologies, values and norms of the DOD† (Sekaran 2004) What happens when organizations change their strategies Changing or merging different cultures to come up with one culture for an organization is a difficulty and complex task. This undertaking envisages setting objectives, introducing employees in an organization to the new culture resulting from a merger, integrating the culture and the new organization to the environment.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Organizational Culture specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, this calls for an evaluation of the result and a renewal of the integration methods in line with organizational goals. Active participation by employees forms a fundamental driving force for an organization in reaching its desired goals in view of the new strategies it adopts. Employee discontent or satisfaction determines the success of a new strategy. An organization’s core competencies should be focused for it to stay afloat in a competitive market. It is of primary importance that organizations continually revise and change their strategies. The HRM, human resource managers, should ensure effective quality management initiatives based on a thorough knowledge of organizational behavior, cultural values and norms, and the diversity of the strategy, a core factor in change management initiatives. This makes the company stay afloat in a competitive market, leads to risk aversion, and maintains the market base inline with its mission and goals. Thus a company maintains its strategy and improves its position in the market. What happens when two organizations merge? The merger process between or ganizations with different cultural values and norms presents a greater challenge to the employees and the concerned management. Mergers are particularly made for the purpose of synergy. This process depends entirely on the organization’s behavior, culture, creativity, and the innovative genius of the people. A seamless and smooth transition to a merger relies on the ability of the HRM, human resource managers, in making initiatives for the recruitment, structure and of the company’s workforce while ensuring a seamless cultural change. Capable leadership is required for a successful merger in restructuring an industry. The leadership role envisages planning and managing the merger in order to arrive at the intended culture. To help merge a diversity of cultures in the merger process, employees of the companies need to be educated on the impeding merger, reasons for the merger, and be convinced about the value of their work for the company and their role in the merger p rocess. This inspires motivation and confidence in the organization. Employees are likely to feel valued, motivated and secure. In a merger, various subgroups exist which require interpersonal interaction (Schein 2005). This kind of interaction comes with value added benefits for the newly formed merger. Subgroups benefits include interaction with peers thus assimilating new employees to the new merger, interaction with supervisor which creates culture in the new employees, and interaction with senior co-workers.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More â€Å"When planning culture change, it can be helpful to utilize those aspects of existing organizational support systems that foster desired behavior†( Schein 2005). A sense of community makes people feel trusted and dependent on one another. People perform different roles and functions. People with similar cultural values should know each other’s aspirations and interests. Times of need require that members come together to aid their peers in creating a sense of belonging to one another while feeling welcome to the new merger. There should be a shared vision, mission and goals. A shared vision should be integrated with members holding the same value systems. Members of an organization should be made to feel the oneness of purpose and a sense of belonging to that organization. In implementing organizational behavior and culture, executives should play the role of coaches and profit consultants instead of the role of boss. The Role of Decision Making in an Organization Decision making in an organization is vital in determining the outcome of decision and their implications on the running of an organization. It is vital to integrate an organization to its environment through the decision making process. This calls for leadership to adopt the best course of action in carrying out an organization’s tasks. This results in the best course of action and in an optimum use of scarce resources. Workplace problems can be solved through the decision making process such as negative employee attitudes, crisis aversion, and conflict resolution. Decision making helps identify the best course of action, and promotes efficient and effective use of scarce resources. This leads to employee satisfaction, motivation and increased productivity Common Bias in Decision Making Decision making is a challenging and complex undertaking that plays on an individual’s psychology. Biases are bound to exist ranging from cognitive to personal biases. Various factors play a significant role in the type of decisions made by the leadership of an organization. In the decision making process, selective search evidence is bias where we go out in the search of evidence to support a specific conclusion. Further, we may be unwilling to change the way we think in the face of new circumstances, usually referred to as, inertia. By doing away with information that we feel is unimportant, we fall into selective perceptions bias. Recency, biasness in decision making entails placing emphasis in recent information with little regard to preceding information on an issue. Groupthink bias is based on peer pressure while uncertainty bias is where we underestimate the future. Choice-supportive bias results when we interfere with our memories on the attractive option of choice, and repletion bias, where we belief that all information is in our domain (Schein 2005). Bias in decision making has either positive or negative implications on the outcome of a decision. How ever, when making decisions, for the best results, an organization should put in place measures to counter self bias. This will generate confidence on the management from organizational employees and the organization’s environment. This also generates a strong organizational culture and calls for a concerted effort in the part of administrators in ensuring formal decisions based on formal and informal structures within an organization. Conclusion Leadership should be well versed with an organization’s culture, be it when a change in strategy occurs, or a merger takes place, understand the cultures and subcultures to make the best strategic decisions for the good of an organization. The best decision making should be embraced by leadership to avert any crisis, motivate employees, and resolve conflicts amicably while putting in place measures to help curb any personal bias which may arise in the decision making process in an organization. This could put an organization i n a better position and enable it to effectively and efficiently utilize its scarce resources. References Schein, E.H. (2005) Organizational Culture and Leadership, (3rd ed.), Jossey-Bass. Sekaran, U. (2004). Research methods for business: A skill building approach (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley Sons, Inc.

Managing organisation and people Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Managing organisation and people - Case Study Example This study seeks to investigate the impact of various elements like ROI,knowledge management and competitive advantage in the design and the implementation of HR policies to curb attrition at Lloyds TSB.At the end of the study,a proposed process cenetered design,tools and implementation procedure will be recommended which can be used for the bank.The Lloyds TSB Bank was founded in 1735 and has since taken over a large share of the retail banking sector in UK. (Lloyds TSB Official Website). In recent times, it attrition levels have risen in the first year of an employee's tenure. This needs to be looked into for the bank to increase its customer service effectiveness and to fill its vacancy of 150 people for its Glasgow call center. This research draws its inspiration from the consideration of the research that the organization's people are the most valued asset of the firm and thus, knowledge being the primary commodity of the workforce would be the most important area to be enhanced .The research design has been based on gathering, interpretation and appropriate presentation of the facts. The definition of the research areas is supported by the fact that the data needs to be customized in order to suit and have context to the specific area of operation and improving efficiency. Owing to the various set parameters, it is imperative to use a research design that will help garner various perspectives.In order to gain a deeper understanding and assure the benefits of this research, we decided to rely on both interviews (qualitative research) and questionnaires (quantitative research). Around a total of 63 employees were taken as samples. They can be classified into 3 categories The questionnaire designed for the quantitative research was based on the feedback received from the exploratory research and the literature review conducted earlier. This was to determine the core problems of the current systems, future expectations from the system, risk involved in the implementation, potential benefits and key evaluation factors for selection. The questionnaire also contained some open ended questions as well to get the general feedback and comments. The line managers were also acquainted with the fact that the results of the questionnaire would be kept confidential and no where there names would be used. Data Analysis In this chapter we will be discussing the results for the qualitative and the quantitative research conducted with the different stakeholders of the bank to get their opinion on the strategic position of the bank and its future expansion plans. We will also be discussing the initiatives that have been taken by the management to streamline the IT operations with the bank's expansion strategy

Conveyancing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Conveyancing - Essay Example The entire such rights vest legally in a person only on registration. The registration procedure, therefore, places an official "seal" on a person's rights in fixed property. "Fixed property" is any land, whether enhanced or not such as a house, farm or sectional title flat. A conveyancing deal involves a chain of steps which begins with the deeds of sale and which continues throughout to the vital registration of ownership and the resolution of money and payments (BRACTON, H. de,2002). A conveyancer is considered as such by the High Court after having concluded a particular qualifying examination. In totaling, only a person who has been considered by the High Court as an Attorney, may perform as a conveyancer. the entire conveyancers are so, also attorneys (BRIDGMAN, o.,2004). To be considered, the person has to entire the requisite academic studies (typically four or more years for the obligatory law degree), then a stage of "articles" or labor in a law-office for the required familiarity and then an wide practical test. If the skilled attorney wishes to follow in the highly technical branch of the law commerce with fixed property, he or she has to do rigorous study of a large number of Acts of Parliament, regulations, High Court verdicts along with verdicts by Registrars of Deeds linking to fixed property. Then he or she has to surpass a conveyancing examination. Only after transitory this inspection will the High Court permit the attorney to carry out as a conv eyancer. Who can do conveyancing work' There are three options to get conveyancing done: - licensed conveyancer - solicitor - do it yourself. Before start organising conveyancing, it's essential to execute groundwork foremost. Who appoints a conveyancer' In South Africa, the customary practice is for the vendor to sign up a conveyancer for a assets deal, though this, like further aspects of a trade contract, can be assorted as a outcome of cooperation among the parties (BRITTON, 2005). The buyer may also hire a conveyancer to counsel him or her, but such charges will be larger than and over the conveyancing costs submitted by the seller's conveyancer, who will be performing the real transfer. Using a conveyancer In many countries, conveyancers ought to be licensed with the Office of Fair Trading. The majority conveyancers grasp an unlimited licence that allows them to carry out the complete range of conveyancing job for housing, business and rustic assets. Conveyancers are licensed to do legal job such as preparing documents, providing legal counsel on contracts and explaining the problems (BROOKE, R., 2002). Before a person chooses to utilize an exacting conveyancer, make sure if they are licensed with high court foremost. Licensed conveyancers should have expert guarantee indemnity to defend clients in case they build a blunder or are neglectful in their work.If they are deceitful with the money have entrusted to them, usually client may has right to use to the reimbursement Fund administered by the Office of Fair trading. Using a solicitor No doubt conveyancers and solicitors are evenly capable to perform conveyancing